Fragrance concentration refers to the ratio of pure aromatic compounds (essential oils, absolutes, and aroma molecules) dissolved in an alcohol-and-water solvent base.
1. Eau de Cologne (EDC)
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Oil Concentration: 2% to 4%
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Longevity: 1 to 2 hours
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Characteristics: Light, effervescent, and dominated by high-volatility top notes (citrus, herbs, neroli).
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Best Use: A refreshing splash post-shower, hot summer mornings, or quick revitalization throughout the day.
2. Eau de Toilette (EDT)
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Oil Concentration: 5% to 15%
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Longevity: 3 to 6 hours
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Characteristics: Crisp and radiant with high projection. Because it contains a higher proportion of alcohol, top and heart notes disperse quickly off the skin, creating an immediate aromatic aura.
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Best Use: Office and professional environments, casual day wear, and warm weather where a heavy scent might overpower.
3. Eau de Parfum (EDP)
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Oil Concentration: 15% to 20%
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Longevity: 6 to 8+ hours
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Characteristics: Rich, full-bodied, and balanced. The higher oil content slows down evaporation, allowing heart and base notes to anchor deeply onto the skin for prolonged sillage.
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Best Use: Evening wear, formal settings, cooler seasons, or as a long-lasting signature daily scent.
4. Extrait de Parfum (Pure Parfum / Extrait)
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Oil Concentration: 20% to 40%
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Longevity: 10 to 24+ hours
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Characteristics: The pinnacle of luxury perfumery. Extremely dense and oil-rich, Extrait sits closer to the skin with an intimate projection bubble, but leaves an enduring sillage trail and unfolds complex base notes over an entire day.
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Best Use: Special occasions, cold weather, and intimate evenings where longevity and deep complexity are prioritized over loud projection.
Pro Tip: Higher concentration does not always equal "stronger projection." High-alcohol formats (like EDTs) project further initially because alcohol evaporates rapidly, carrying molecules outward. High-oil formats (like Extraits) project moderately but cling to skin and fabric far longer.